SESTO CALENDE
Double deck
rail-road bridge
The study aims to evaluate and guarantee the safety of the bridge by introducing reinforcement systems that increase its resistance, while preserving its original architectural appearance.
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Profile type: Riveted composed profiles
External bonds: Steel supports
Masonry: Abutments and piers
Total Weight:
-
5790t
Steel Structure: 2906t
Concrete Slabs: 1674t
Dead Loads:1210t
Total Length: 263,80m
Span: 82,4m
Span: 99m
Span: 82,4m
Trusses Spacing: 9,16m
Trusses Height: 14,30m
REALIZED ACTIVITIES
Structural analysis and checks Ante/Post Operam
Design of steel truss reinforcements
Batimetric survey with Marine Drone Multibeam Sonar Technology
Structural Analysis
STATIC AND SEISMIC ANALYSIS
The effects due to permanent, variable, traffic and seismic actions were taken into account, maximizing the stresses on all structural elements with the use of finite element software (FEM).
Static Analysis:
DISPLACEMENTS
Results:
Displacements are evaluated to verify not only
the deformability of the bridge but also the quality
of the numerical model.
Static Analysis:
DISPLACEMENTS
Dead Load Displacements
Due to the Dead Loads the main truss structure
has a maximum displacement in the
central span of approximately 27 mm.
● MAX DISPLACEMENT
Static Analysis:
AXIAL FORCES
Design combination:
In the design combination both the
road load and the railway load
act simultaneously as principal.
Static Analysis:
AXIAL FORCES
Results:
● MAX TENSION
● MAX COMPRESSION
Seismic Analysis:
It is carried on by linear (modal) dynamic analysis
with response spectrum, through which actions
are determined starting from the calculation
of the periods and vibration modes of the structure.

Seismic Analysis:
VIBRATION MODES:
Modal Analysis Results:
Vibration mode 1
Period = 1,12 s
Participating mass (Y Direction): 15,90 %

Seismic Analysis:
VIBRATION MODES:
Modal Analysis Results:
Vibration mode 2
Period = 1,02 s
Participating mass (Y Direction): 61,65 %

Seismic Analysis:
VIBRATION MODES:
Modal Analysis Results:
Vibration mode 3
Period = 0,99 s
Participating mass (X Direction): 53,27 %

Seismic Analysis:
VIBRATION MODES:
Modal Analysis Results:
Vibration mode 10
Period = 0,32 s
Participating mass (Z Direction): 67,88 %

Design
OF STRUCTURAL REINFORCEMENTS
The main criteria was to leave the architectural aspect and the structural concept unchanged. The profiles were reinforced by inserting new steel plates or profiles, in order to increase resistance and stability to satisfy the checks.
In order to preserve the original architectural design
of the bridge and within the existing architectural constraints,
bolts with specific technical and aesthetic characteristics
were designed and selected.
Cross Beams Reinforcement Design
Reinforcement to increase the inertia and strength
of the upper crossbeams, intermediate crossbeams (road surface),
lower crossbeams (rail surface). Specific design according to the
characteristics of the existing beam and its stresses.



Upper Beams Reinforcement Design
Design of reinforcement intervention aimed at increasing
girder strength and improving the connection between
riveted composite profiles, limiting overall instability.


Diagonals Reinforcement Design
Reinforcement design included diagonal elements
subject to compression, improving the connection
between riveted composite profiles and limiting
the overall instability of the involved elements.
Uprights Reinforcement Design
The design of the reinforcement is aimed
at increasing the inertia and strength of the upright
and its specific design increases he overall section
of the beam while decreasing its instability.
Lower Beams Reinforcement
It was necessary to study specific solutions related to
several problems encountered simultaneously along
the same element. Increasing the inertia and strength
of the beam, improving the connection between the
composite profiles, and overall reducing the
instability of the compressed elements.



Cross Bracings Reinforcement Design
The specific design of the bracing system is aimed at increasing
the inertia and strength of the beam by doubling he section
of the element, with a corresponding increase in strength while
guaranteeing the stiffness necessary for the overall system.
Bathymetric survey
The knowledge of bathymetry is important
for a wide variety of uses:
for ETS it’s fundamental in projects for
the safety of road and railway infrastructure
along the coastline and river.
Marine Drone
During the survey carried out by the OTTER (USV)
it’s possible to check the DSM real-time trough Qinsy software
and therefore to provide a covering data
of the whole seabed at the same time.
The data are processed and returned in a 3D model
consisting of the union of georeferenced points.
This output allows to make correct evaluations
about seabed morphology and accurate assessments such as:
morphology of the riverbed
presence of foreign bodies
calculation of excavation and filling volumes
analysis of the coastal erosion

OTTER (USV)
INTEGRATED DATA IN A SINGLE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT
By combining OTTER (USV) with Bulti-beam Sonar WBMS
for a bathymetry survey and integrating the data obtained
with a topographic survey, we obtain a 3D reconstruction of
both the surface above the sea and below the sea.
B-SHAPE
The acquired data is used for study, material characterization,
and design solutions to strengthen the infrastructure and
mitigate the erosion effect near the line.
All acquired data, engineering a geological analysis
are integrated into our innovative B-SHAPE software.
